Wall construction



e. w.- DENISON.

WALL CONSTRUCTION APPLICATION FILED APR. 23, 1918.

1,343,312. Patentd June 15, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

lizr marx i} 6%; j gs S W I a. w. DENISONQ WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 23, 1918.

Patented June 15, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. DENISON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

WALL CONSTRUCTION,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patent ed June 15, 1920.

Application filed April 23, 1918. Serial NO.-230,318.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. DENISON, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Wall Construction, of which the followmg is a,full, clear, and exact descriptlon, reference being had to the accompanymg drawings.

In the building of walls with hollow tiles it is desirable to have the voids in the tiles extending horizontally so that extended sur-- faces are provided for the mortar. However, at corners or at ambs 1t 1s necessary to wall off the ends of the voids, which is ordinarily effected by placing short tile sections of the proper height on end. As tiles have heretofore been constructed I this usually requires special sizes of tile for use at the corners and jambs or entails loss of material and waste of time.if the mason breaks the desired short length from a stand ard tile.

The object of my'invention is to providea rectangular tile adapted for laying on edge or fiatwise, horizontally, in the running course, of walls of various thicknesses an so proportioned and arranged that it may be readily severed into a plurality of sections, each of which when stood on end w1ll have the same height as the vertical dimension of the corresponding horizontal runnin course. Thisenables the completing of t e corners and jambs without waste of time or material and without requiring fine workmanship on the part of the mason.

By using a single block having the capacity of acting in the regular courses where they are laid flatwise or on edge and also severable into sections for end members, I simplify the operation; I reduce the cost of equipment which must be main-.

tained by the manufacturers; I reduce the amount of stock which must be kept in hand, and I reduce the wastage incurred by the builder. I

In accomplishing. the desired result, I provide a block having a width which is equal to twice the height plus a mortar joint, and I provide a length which is equal to the width plus the height, and I score the block transversely part way through it by akerfwhich is located at a distance from one end of the block equal to :the height of the block, and which is also at a distance from theother end equal to the width "of the block.

lVhen such a block as described is laid flatwise in a horizontal course it is adapted to have its vertical faces aline withthe' outer vertical faces of two blocks standing vertically and separated by a mortar joint; when my block is laid on edge its top and bottom faces may aline with the top and bottom faces of two blocks laid flatwise and separated by a horizontal mortar joint;

when blockis severed at the kerf one section stood on end may have its edges aline with the four closed faces of a block laid horizontally, and the other section when'stood on end may similarly aline with the four outer faces of two blocks separated by a mortar joint. i

It will be seen, therefore, that my blocks may be used to build walls of various thicknesses, which walls are bonded by reason of some of the blocks standing .on edge and some fiatwise,..while at the corner or the jambs, to close the space opposite the voids, a block is severed at the kerf and one sec-- tionis. stood on end opposite the adjacent flatwise block and the other section on end opposite the two blocks, and the corner or jamb is completed without wastage.

y invention is clearly illustrated in the drawings hereof, which'show the adaptation of the block to several forms of wall. In these drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective of a so-called 12-inch wall sectioned on a vertical transverse plane; Fig. 2 is a similar section of a so-called 8'inch wall; Figs.

3 and 4 are perspectives ofcorners. of such 12 and 8-inch walls respectively; Fig. 5 is a while the intermediate void' has a height equal to either extreme void and a width equal to the thickness of a mortar joint;

block, which it is convenient to call the edge faces, and 1 2 and 13, the wide sides of the block, which I sometimes call the top and,

bottom. 14 and 15 designate the intermediate webs, 16 and 17 the square voids, and

18 the intermediate void.

The distance across the narrow face 10 or 11 I call the height of the block, this dimension being designated A in Fig. 8. Similarly I call the distance across the wide face the width of the block and designate it B in Fig. 8. The distance between the webs is designated D. It will be seen from this figure that the width B is equal to twice the heigit A plus the thickness of the void 18,

or 2A+D. The length (C, Fig. 7) is equal to the sum of the height and the width, or C=A+B.

At a distance from one end of the block equal to the height of the block (dimension A) I form a kerf 19 which extends transversely of the block through one of its fiat faces and into the intermediate webs. The distance of this kerf from the near. end of the block (dimension A, Fig. 7) is equal to the height of a block while the distance from the far end of the block (dimension B, Fig. 7) is equal to the width of the block, these dimensions being equal to the dimensionsA and B in Fig. 8.

To bring out more clearly the relation of the various dimensions of the block I will say that I prefer to make the block with the dimension A equal to inches, B 7-} inches, C 11% inches, D inch. The thickness of the webs and walls may vary as desired, but a satisfactory width is of an inch, which leaves each square void 2?,- inches on each side. The,kerf is located inches from one end and 7-} inches from the other and may conveniently have a depth of between two and three inches.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a so-called 12-inch wall made with repeating multiple courses, each multiple course comprising two blocks laid horizontally opposite the side of one block standing on edge. In the bottom multiple course shown the horizontal blocks as-N N-form the left-hand portion of the wall and the edge blocks 1 the right-hand face, while in the next multiple course, the edge blocks as I are at the left-hand face and the fiatwise blocks as N N at the righthand. The third multiple course shown is laid the same as the first and so on. Vith such an arrangement the overlapping of the flatwise blocks bonds the whole wall.

Now when it comes to thc corner of such a wall as shown in Figs. 1 and 8 there would naturally be open spaces at the blocks adjacent to the outer 'face of the wall, such open spaces in the two portions of the wall facing at right angles to 'each other. To close such spaces I simply take one of my standard blocks and sever it at the kerf and I lay the short sections as Q on end opposite enough in the corner for the block Q to stand with mortar about its inner faces and with its outer faces flush with the two wall faces. Now to fill in the space opposite the ends of the blocks P,'I simply use the longer piece of the severed 'block -and stand it on end as shown at R in Fig. 3.

Figs. 2 and t illustrate aso-called 8-inch wall wherein there is ahorizontal course of blocks S surmounted by two blocks T and T. At the corner of such a wall the short section Q of the severed block fills the space in the low course, while the large section B completes the tall course.

Fig. -5 illustrates the jamb -'.end of an 8-inch wall where it will be seen that the ends of the flat courses S are closed by two of the short sections Q ,(the' -voids of which are vertical as illustrated in dotted lines), while the tall. courses T and 'T are closed by the longer severed sections R- also stan'dwalls of the block are continuous in the vertical direction, whether the blocks lie flat-- wise or on edge.

It will be observed that the drawings show one wide and narrow face of each block made smooth and the other-wide and narrow face roughened or formed with special surface. This characteristic enables the same block to be laid to present a smooth face or rough face, as desired. This feature,

pending application Serial No. 211,488. The wall constructed with my blocks, wherein one block stands opposite the end of the two blocks separated by a mortar joint, is claimed in my pending application Serial No. 181,218.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

'1. A wall construction comprising hollow '120 however, 1s not claimed herein but in my tiles laid with their voids horizontal and some of the tiles lying flatwise and others on edge, each tile having a width equal to twice its height plus the thickness of a mortar joint, and tiles standing on end at the corners or jambs and closing said horizontal voids, such vertical tiles having the same height and width as the other tiles and having two sizes of lengths, one of which is equal to the height of the tile and the other of which is equal to the width of the tile.

2. A wall constructed of hollow building blocks each having three internal voids extending through the block from end to end, the intermediate void being narrow and of the thickness of a mortar joint, each block having a width equal to twice its height plus the thickness of the narrow void, said tiles in the body of the wall being laid with their voids horizontal and some ofthe tiles lying flatwise and others on edge, and tiles standing on end at the corners or jambs and closing said horizontal voids, such vertical tiles having the same height and width as the other tiles and having two sizes of len the, one of which is equal to the height 0 the tile and the other of which is equal to the width of the tile.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

GEO. W. DENISON. 

